Communications scientifiques internationales

Permanent URI for this community

https://dspace.ummto.dz/handle/ummto/11374

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 104

Accompagnement de trois villages de la commune de bouzeguene (Taourirt, Ahrik, Sahel) (Tizi-Ouzou) pour la consolidation du tri/compostage des déchets ménagers
(2019-11-14) METNA, Fatiha; HAMMOUM, Arezki; Kanane, Mélissa; Slimani, Rachid; OUALI, Saliha; HARGAS, Nabila
L’objectif de notre étude est l’accompagnement des trois villages (Taourirt, Ahrik, Sahel) de la commune de Bouzeguène, pour perfectionner leur schéma de gestion des déchets ménagers. Pour cela, nous nous sommes impliquées comme agents de changements des comportements et des visions vis-à-vis de la gestion de ces déchets en organisant des actions de sensibilisation et d’éducation à la gestion durable des déchets ménagers. Nous avons ciblés les comités des villages, les associations, les femmes, les élèves au niveau de l’école primaire et l’employer chargé de la gestion du centre de tri. Enfin, les acteurs institutionnels étant les autorités locales et régionales, ils ont le pouvoir de mettre en œuvre un plan de gestion durable des déchets ménagers. Les résultats obtenus sont les suivants : - Pour le village Taourirt, nous avons pu déterminer la tache de chaque acteur pour une bonne organisation et une gestion durable des déchets et nous avons élaboré un règlement intérieur du centre de tri pour son bon fonctionnement. Après avoir identifié les problèmes liés au traitement des bio-déchets au niveau du centre, nous avons envisagé un autre mode de traitement de ces déchets qui est le compostage en tas. - Pour le village Ahrik, afin d’y remédier et régler les problèmes que nous avons identifié au niveau du centre de tri nous avons élaboré un règlement intérieur du centre de tri pour son bon fonctionnement.
Agronomical and environmental soil quality under sewage sludge amendment and treated wastewater irrigation
(2019-12-19) Cherfouh, Rabia; Lucas, Yves; Derridj, Arezki; Merdy, Patricia
This study was carried out to evaluate the agronomic proprieties and the heavy metals contamination of soils from Boumerdes. Agronomical parameters, concentration and metals speciation were determined by soils, urban treated wastewater (TWW) and sewage sludge (SS). The TWW and SS collected was rich in organic matter, N, P and K. Thus, this result is one positive outcome for their applications on soil. We found that the agronomic quality of the treated soils has not decreased. Both SS amendment and TWW irrigation brought high amounts of nutrients, nutrients availability, and soil organic matter. The pH increase does not seem to be a problem for the crops growth. Exposure to heavy metals may cause adverse effects to human health and the environment. Sequential extraction was used to evaluate the concentration and bioavailability of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn from three agricultural soils. Only Cu (151 mg.kg-1) concentration in wastewater-irrigated soil exceeded the permissible limits defined by Algerian norm (NA-17671). Under TWW irrigation the Copper amount increased significantly, but the bioavailability remind equivalent to others soils often under 41% of the total concentration. However, the SS application lied from the soil most quantity of Cu (71 mg.kg-1) and Zn (95 mg.kg-1), with accumulation rate between 1,7 and 3,2 the concentration of referential soil. Amount of Cd in the soils was less than 0,3 mg.kg-1. This investigation concluded that TWW and SS improved agronomical potentiality of soils. However, continued application may lead to accumulation of metallic element and constitute a potential environmental hazard.
Ankyloglossie : série de cas
(2019-06-14) HAMEG, K; SERBIS, M; SADOUKI, I; MEDDAD, M; CHEHRIT, O
L'ankyloglossie est une anomalie orale congénitale caractérisée par un frein lingual anormalement court et épais qui limite les mouvements de la langue Bien que l’ankyloglossie ne soit pas une affection grave, elle peut entrainer divers problèmes tels que difficultés d'allaitement, troubles d’élocution, déglutition atypique, anomalies de croissance oro faciale et malocclusion, entrave à l’hygiène et récession gingivale Ces complications peuvent influencer le comportement social compromettant la confiance en soi des enfants et des adolescents Par conséquent, la prise en charge de l'ankyloglossie doit être précoce afin de réduire le risque de complications latentes Cependant, l’ankyloglossie reste un sujet de controverse entre les professionnels de la santé
Antimicrobial potential of mixed ligand copper(II) complexes with dimethylglyoxime and some amino acids
(2019-11-17) T. Amrouche; H. Bougherra; O. Berradj; A. Adkhis
In this work, six copper(II) complexes with dimethylglyoxime and amino acids (tryptophan, glutamate, proline, arginine and valine) have been prepared and provided by coordination chemistry laboratory from Mammeri University (Algeria) to be tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activities. Thecopper(II) complexes identified by numbers 1 to 6 were found to be solid, insoluble in water, ethanol, and methanol, but soluble in dimethylsulfoxide, and dimethylformamide. The antimicrobial activity of the ligands and their metal complexes were tested against the Escherichia coli (Gram negative bacteria), Bacillus cereus (Gram positive bacteria), Candida albicans (yeast) and Aspergillus niger (mold). The determination of the antibacterial activity was performed using well agar diffusion method. Results obtained demonstrated that only complexes 2 and 6 were active against bacteria compared to ampicilline (antibiotic) used as positive control. Whereas complexes 2, 3 and 5 tested against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger were shown more active against C. albicans than A. niger. Our findings suggested the possibility of use of copper(II) complexes as antimicrobials in food preservation or cleaning products.
Antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds of Helminthotheca hechioides
(2019-09-27) Asmani. K; Dermeche .S
Phenolic compounds are a large group of phytochemicals, known for their antioxidant properties and potentially protection against cancer. The main objective of this work was to evaluate antioxidant activity of Helminthotheca echioides (leaves and stems), conventionally used in traditional medicine and local gastronomy of the Tizi-Ouzou (northern Algeria). Phenolic compounds were extracted from the plant powder by maceration, using three different solvents: methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate. The main results obtained show that the aerial parts are very rich in flavonoids, tannins and coumarins. The analysis of functional groups by infrared shows that the plant is rich in phenol and ketone. The determination of the phenolic compounds of methanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts, have very interesting polyphenol contents, 133.744 ± 27.35 mg GAE / g, 114.45 ± 2.42 mg GAE / g and 47.394 ±1.497 mg GAE / g, respectively. The antioxidant activity determined by DPPH, ABTS radicals assay and reducing power tests were carried out showing the strong antioxidant power of the extract with values of about 75% for DPPH and 95% for ABTS. The extract prepared on the basis of the mixture (methanol / formic acid) has the greatest inhibitory activity against E. feacalis (ATCC 29212), E. coli (ATCC 25922) and F. solani (ATCC 38136) with inhibition zone diameters of 20 mm, 16 mm and 75 mm, respectively. These results confirm that this plant has several biological activities. It would be interesting to use it as a functional powder for different uses (food and pharmaceutical).
Assessment of the antipeudomonal activity of three essential oils using flow cytometry approach
(2019-09-27) Oussaid, Saliha; Madani, Khodir; Houali, Karim; Garcia Perez, Cristina; Rendueles, Manuel; Diaz, Mario
Beside its rapidity, flow cytometry is a very sensitive technique allowing both the detection of dead, metabolically active, viable and viable but no-cultivable cells. This approach was used, in this work, to estimate the antibacterial activity of essential oils (EO) from three aromatic herbs: Mentha spicata (MS), Mentha pulegium, and Rosmarinus officinalis against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, which is an opportunist and food spoilage bacteria. The functional damages induced in P. aeruginosa treated with the three oils and incubated at 4 °C, 7 °C and 37°C was assessed and growth of tested strain was followed over time together with Suber green, Propidium iodide and ChemChrome V6. Irrespective of the culture conditions (the tested oil, its concentration, the time and the incubation temperature), significant reduction rate was observed compared with control, but there was generally no significant difference between the effects of all oils. In fact, after 10 h of incubation at 37°C, the total population in the treated inoculums with EO of Mentha pulegium at 0.4% concentration was 4 times lower than control preparation. At 7°C, metabolically active bacteria in the inoculums without treatment represented 25.65% on the 5th day, dropped to 12% on 10th day, then increase to the 37% on the 21st day. Whereas, the percentage of those treated was around 13, 10 and 15%, on the 5th, 10th and 21st day, respectively. We have noted that the incubation at 4 °C leaded to the stress of the cells with or without oils and the percentage of active cells was less or equal 8 % at the 21st day.
Behavior of Low Density polyethylene Aged Under UV Radiation.
(26/08/2019) Slimani, Ferhat; Hedir, Abdallah; Moudoud, Mustapha; Loucif, Amina
Low density polyethylene (LDPE) is a usual material used within high voltage insulation systems. Like all polymers, this material may be aged after working under high voltage for a long time. The ageing process of this ma-terial is essentially caused by external factors. The exhibition to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of these factors. This work investigates the effect of this constraint on the electrical and mechanical properties of LDPE after UV-ageing. This paper includes the sample preparation process, the ageing of sam-ples under identical conditions for up 380 h and finally the analysis of electrical and mechanical properties after the ageing process. The obtained results show that these properties are considerably affected by the ultraviolet radiation
Biologie de la mouche méditerranéenne des fruits Ceratitis capitata Wied, 1824 (Diptera ; Trypetidae) en Kabylie.
(2019-06-26) SADOUDI-ALI AHMED, Djamila
A partir des pupes obtenues de différentes variétés fruitières de la Kabylie, nous avons suivi les paramètres de la cératite à savoir le poids des pupes, la durée de pupaison, le taux d’émergence, le sex-ratio et la longévité des adultes. Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que le poids initial d’une pupe varie selon les espèces fruitières étudiées. La durée de pupaison diffère selon les espèces et les variétés fruitières. Plus de 50 % de pupes ont donné des adultes sur les deux variétés d’abricot et de pêche alors que les variétés d’oranger sont celles qui ont donné très peu d’adultes. Par ailleurs, le sex-ratio varie selon la variété de fruits. Enfin, les femelles et les mâles de la cératite ont montré des longévités importantes sur les agrumes.
BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCTION USING NEW LOW-COST SUBSTRATES
(2019-10-31) Salah-Tazdaït, Rym; Tazdaït, Djaber
are focused on the use of conventional carbon sources such as glucose, fructose, pyruvate, citrate, etc., but there are very few reports on biosurfactants production using inexpensive raw materials as substrates (complex carbon or nitrogen sources) which can considerably reduce production costs in most biotechnological processes.To the best of our knowledge, no data are available on the use of animal by-products as a sole source of nutrient for biosurfactant production. In this study, biosurfactant production by a pure bacterial culture was studied using an agro-industrial waste: prickly pear fruits of (Opuntia ficus-indica) peels, and two animal by-products: sardine (Sardina pilchardus) heads and chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) feet, since they are discarded as a waste.The fuel-contaminated soil samples used for isolation of microbial strains were collected at a gas station located in Boumerdès, Algeria. The bacterial strains capable of producing biosurfactants was isolated by selective enrichment culture technique. The results showed that prickly pear peels medium yielded the highest biosurfactant production, and gave the highest E24 and cleaning activity values, while chicken feet gave the highest foaming activity. However, extensive research is needed to establish the suitability of these two low-cost substrates in industrial-level biosurfactant production process.
CEPHALEES OU CRISES D’EPILEPSIE
(2019-04-16) SI AHMED, H; DAOUDI, S
- Les céphalées représentent un symptôme fréquemment décrit au cours des crises d’épilepsie. Elles surviennent avant la crise (céphalée pré-ictale), pendant la crise (céphalée ictale) ou après celle-ci (céphalée posti-ctale).Les céphalées post-ictales sont fréquentes, rapportées par 35 à 52% des patients épileptiques. - Les céphalées pré-ictales et ictales sont plus rares. Elles sont souvent négligées du fait de la prédominance d’autres manifestations cliniques au cours de la crise et de possibles troubles de la conscience. En cas d’épilepsie temporale interne, une étude a montré que la localisation des céphalées était souvent ipsilatérale à la décharge épileptique. - De manière exceptionnelle, les céphalées représentent la seule manifestation clinique de la crise d’épilepsie, dans ce cas le diagnostic est délicat et déroutant, pouvant être prises pour des crises de migraine, surtout chez l’enfant. - Les mécanismes physiopathologiques des céphalées critiques sont mal connus. Les céphalées pourraient représenter une manifestation somato-sensitive de la crise ou être une conséquence de la décharge épileptique par stimulation des nocicepteurs méningés. - Nous rapportons dans notre présentation, deux cas cliniques de deux enfants, présentant une épilepsie focale, dont une occipitale et l’autre temporale, où la seule manifestation clinique était une céphalée aigue paroxystique, ayant bien évolué sous traitement anti épileptique.
COMPARATİVE STUDY OF THE MECHANİCAL BEHAVİOUR OF THE ABS POLYMER: İNJECTİON PRESS-3D PRİNTİNG
(2019-12-17) F. Djeddi; M. Mohellebi
Plastic processing techniques depend on the nature of the polymers and on the destination of the finished products. To improve the productivity of plastics and their performance, the industrial world has given great importance to the evolution of these transformation techniques. Our work is a comparative study of the mechanical behavior of a polymer (ABS) in two different processing techniques: press injection and 3D printing. Plastic injection uses the thermoplastic properties of the polymer, to inject it softened into a mold, in order to create a footprint of it. This technique provides the best quality for productions of large and very large series.3D printing, also called additive manufacturing or direct digital manufacturing, allows making an object by creating a numerical model and printing it in three dimensions. It opens a wide range of technical possibilities with important economic stakes. Used mainly for prototyping, its potential applications are now of interest to many sectors of activity: aeronautics, automobile, medical, .... The melt flew index of the ABS used is 22.32 g / 10 min, the mode of transformation chosen, which is the injection, is in agreement with our material. The mechanical behavior of test pieces made by the two processes is different. The stress and strain characteristics are significantly higher in the conventional injection process than in the case of 3D printing. The values of modulus of elasticity and maximum stress decrease significantly in the 3D printing process. Micrographs obtained by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope observations (MEB) of fracture facies during tensile test show a big difference in the cohesion of the material between the two processes. The results obtained show that the transformation mode has a direct influence on the mechanical characteristics of the polymer. The mechanical characteristics required of the finished product impose the mode of transformation of the polymer..
Contact du berbère et du français dans la chanson kabyle en Algérie.
(2019-06-24) MOUALEK, Kaci
Notre travail qui porte le titre « Contact du berbère et du français dans la chanson kabyle en Algérie » nous permettra de nous pencher sur les pratiques linguistiques en milieu professionnel, plus précisément sur les productions langagières en français, en alternance avec le kabyle, réalisées par des locuteurs dans le cadre d’une manifestation artistique en l’occurrence la chanson et dans le cadre d’émissions de radiodiffusion. Nous nous intéresserons donc au français apparaissant dans les textes de chansons et d’émissions radiophoniques sur la chanson kabyle.
Cracking Propagation in Concrete Bloc Exposed to Cryogenic Temperature
(2019-12-30) L.DAHMANI; L.BOUCHELIL
In order to investigate the cracking propagation in the concrete bloc exposed to low temperature, The ANSYS finite element code has been employed for performing a sequential, non linear, transient thermal-structural analysis, taking into account the thermal dependent properties of the concrete as thermal conductivity and specific heat. Temperature distribution data of thermal analysis is required in the coupled field analysis finally to obtain and analyze thermal stresses. An original concept based on three dimensional stress states of the integrations points in each finite element is described. The global relative crack density (GRCD) is suggested to denote the cracking state of the entire concrete bloc, which may serve as an appropriate index to evaluate the overall deterioration level of the structure.
A DC Algorithm for Solving Multiobjective Stochatic Problem via Exponential Utility Functions
(2019-07-08) Kasri, Ramzi; Bellahcene, Fatima
In this paper we suggest an algorithm for solving a multiobjective stochastic linear programming problem with normal multivariate distributions. The problem is first transformed into a deterministic multiobjective problem introducing the expected value criterion and an utility function. The obtained problem is reduced to a monobjective quadratic problem using a weighting method. This last problem is solved by DC algorithm.
Dialyse péritonéale pédiatrique en cas d'insuffisance rénale aiguë
(2019) Seba, A; Hamouche, M; Noura, O; Ouaret, R; Badaoui, L; Yahiamessaoud, T
L'insuffisance rénale aiguë (IRA) est moins fréquente chez l'enfant que chez l'adulte, mais elle peut être fatale en raison du risque d'oedème pulmonaire aigu et d'hyperkaliémie, nécessitant un traitement précoce. La dialyse péritonéale(DP) reste la technique de choix pour les nourrissons et les jeunes enfants.
Dynamical Properties of an Atomic Interface Between fcc Lattices
(2019-09-17) Lekadir, Fazia; Tigrine, Rachid
A study of the phonon contribution to the interface properties between two fcc dissimilar solids is presented. The model system is obtained by the juxtaposition of two semi-infinite harmonic fcc lattices. The interface observables are numerically calculated for different cases of masses and elastic softening to hardening, to investigate how the local dynamics can respond to many environmental microscopic changes in the field interfacial domain. The theoretical formalism using simultaneously the Green's functions and the matching method is employed to describe the dynamics of the fcc system, the complete evanescent and the propagating fields. A calculation is presented for the vibration localized states, the coherent phonon transmission and the density of states (DOS), as element of a Landauer-Büttiker type scattering matrix. The system dynamics, the phonon scattering and the transmission spectra via the interface domain between fcc lattices and the DOS are analyzed as function of the atomic masses and the elastic force constants occurring in the nanojunction zone of the model system. Our results show that the interface zone is an effective phonon splitter and suggest that its characteristics may be controlled by varying its nanometric parameters. The observed fluctuations are due to the coherent coupling between continuum and discrete states induced by the interface domain.
EFFECT OF LOW ELECTRIC CURRENT ON PRODUCTION OF BIOSURFACTANT BY Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(2019-10-31) Tazdaït, Djaber; Tazdaït, Rym Salah
Several studies have been attempted to investigate the effect of different cultural parameters on the performance of biosurfactant production by microorganisms. In literature, the studies devoted to the use of electric current are mostly focused on the treatment of wastewaters by electrocoagulation. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have been reported on the direct effect of electric current on microbial production of biosurfactants. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of direct electric current on the performance of a biosurfactant-producing strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to produce biosurfactant under aerobic conditions. The effect of direct electric current on the biosurfactant production was evaluated by varying the inter-electrode distance (d) (2, 4 and 6cm) with current density values (D) of 3µA/cm2 for 3 days at room temperature. The results clearly showed that direct current application with distance between electrodes of 2 cm yielded the highest biosurfactant production, and emulsification index (E24). Besides, the production cost decreases of about 20% with electric current application, which contributes very slightly in the total energy consumption cost. This method might, in the future, lead the way towards profitable application in enhancing biosurfactant production.
Effets de l’huile essentielle Menthe Poivrée sur la structure histologique du testicule des lapins mâles de la souche synthétique sevrés et prépubères
(2019) Lakabi, Lynda; Khelfane-Goucem, Karima; Menad, Rafik
Notre étude a été réalisée dans le cadre d’un travail portant sur l’amélioration des performances de reproduction du lapin en Algérie. La capacité potentielle du mâle à se reproduire est liée à son développement sexuel et est fonction de la croissance et de la maturation de ses tissus reproducteurs (Garcia-Thomas et al., 2007). La fertilité masculine est marquée par une différenciation gonadique adéquate, une maturité de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-testiculaire, une différenciation des cellules testiculaires néonatales, une descente des testicules et un début de la puberté couplée avec la prolifération et la maturité des cellules testiculaires (Vigueras-Villasenor et al., 2013). Il existe des huiles essentielles (HE) présentant des propriétés dites oestrogène-like qui sont susceptible de modifier le processus physiologique de la reproduction soit en l’améliorant ou en la perturbant comme L’huile essentielle de Menthe Poivrée qui présente des vertus médicinales connues depuis l’antiquité. De nos jours, elle est utilisée en médecine traditionnelle ; en pharmacologie et médecine moderne. Cependant, plusieurs plantes communément utilisées ont été signalées comme ayant un effet sur les fonctions reproductrices mâles chez les animaux et les humains (Franchomme, 2015).
Empreinte culturelle et thérapie familiale. Quand les patients participent à l’orientation de la prise en charge
(2019-06-17) BELKHEIR, Rachid; MOUSSA, Fatima
Dans cette contribution nous nous intéressons à certains aspects de la culture dans le contexte Algérien, particulièrement dans les situations de handicap comme celle de l’enfant porteur de trisomie 21. Nous voulons aussi montrer que lorsque la famille vient en thérapie, elle apporte avec elle son histoire qui est souvent singulière, constituée d’un corpus de croyances familiales, de convictions non mises en question par les différents membres et qui constituent le mythe familial. Le mythe étant défini comme un idéal fonctionnel évident et un guide des conduites, indicateur de ce qui est exigé, permis ou au contraire interdit (Andrey,1983, p.107) . L’expérience nous montre que les familles mettent en place un système d’aide interne et même si elles s’adressent à l’extérieur pour être aidées, les intervenants ne peuvent proposer une aide qui s’oppose au système d’aide interne car ce dernier est relié au mythe du groupe. Le génogramme est un outil précieux dans le repérage de certains troubles liés à la transmission et dans l’identification du mythe familial. Les patients sont partie prenante dans ce travail, il participent en quelque sorte à l’orientation de la prise en charge avec ce qu’ils disent au début du travail thérapeutique sur leur histoire, leurscroyances, leurs peurs, leurs rêves, mais surtout par l’interprétation qu’ils donnent sur les causes du handicap . Ainsi quand le handicap est considéré comme le règlement d’une ou de dettes ou interprété comme une malédiction des ancêtres (daouat-echar) c’est que la réalité ne suffit plus, ne s’explique plus, alors intervient le mythe et avec le mythe l’imaginaire. Neuburger (2011) Le travail du thérapeute va alors se trouver orienté vers la déconstruction de ce mythe qui est destructeur. Il se fait souvent par le biais d’une parole partagée. L’analyse des données recueillies à travers les entretiens systémiques et le génogramme familial, montre que ces familles éprouvent une souffrance psychologique où culpabilité, honte, déni de la déficience de l’enfant,externalisation de la cause du handicap,état dépressif et anxiété sont prégnants. Pas à pas,cette souffrance s’est atténuée. Un temps de repérage des compétences résiduelles, réorganisation et d’adaptationa permis aux parents de s’inscrire et de participerà un processus de prise en charge favorable pour eux et pour leur enfant.
Enhanced light absorption in porous silicon with nanocrystalline TiO2 deposited by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)
(26/06/2019) Hocine, Dalila; S. Oussidhoum; M. Bensidhoum; A. Crisbasan; D. Chaumont; E. Bourennane; A. Moussi; E. Lesniewska; N. Geoffroy; M.S. Belkaid
In this paper, nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films were successfully deposited on porous silicon (PSi) by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique for different periods of times: 5, 10 and 15 min. The objective was to improve the optical absorption properties of the porous layers dedicated for photovoltaic application. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the elaborated TiO2/PSi samples were analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), photoluminescence (PL) and UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy methods. The effect of deposition time on the microstructural properties which influence the optical characteristics of the obtained samples was also examined. The XRD analysis confirms the nanocrystalline structure of the deposited TiO2 composed only by anatase. The SEM characterization evidenced an increase in the TiO2 film thickness showing more uniform surfaces as the deposition time rises. Correspondingly, the surface roughness increases with the particle size and film thickness as indicated by AFM studies. The UV-Vis measurements showed a considerable enhancement in optical absorption of porous silicon after the deposition of nanocrystalline TiO2 films. Indeed, the TiO2 coatings deposited on PSi for 15 min with thickness of 200 nm have the best structure quality and exhibit, consequently, the highest absorption. From these interesting results, we demonstrate the viability of the use of the MOCVD as reproducible process for the elaboration of highly efficient antireflective layers.

Browse

Browsing Communications scientifiques internationales by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options